read the 3D Printer details

Monday, February 27, 2023

निर्माण के तरीके

छोटे अणु अर्धचालक अक्सर अघुलनशील होते हैं, वैक्यूम उच्च बनाने की क्रिया के माध्यम से बयान की आवश्यकता होती है । प्रवाहकीय पॉलिमर पर आधारित उपकरण समाधान प्रसंस्करण विधियों द्वारा तैयार किए जा सकते हैं। समाधान प्रसंस्करण और निर्वात आधारित विधियाँ दोनों विकार की चर डिग्री के साथ अनाकार और पॉलीक्रिस्टलाइन फिल्मों का उत्पादन करती हैं। "गीले" कोटिंग तकनीकों के लिए पॉलिमर को एक अस्थिर विलायक में भंग करने , फ़िल्टर करने और एक सब्सट्रेट पर जमा करने की आवश्यकता होती है । सॉल्वेंट-आधारित कोटिंग तकनीकों के सामान्य उदाहरणों में ड्रॉप कास्टिंग, स्पिन-कोटिंग , डॉक्टर-ब्लेडिंग, इंकजेट प्रिंटिंग और स्क्रीन प्रिंटिंग शामिल हैं।. स्पिन-कोटिंग छोटे क्षेत्र में पतली फिल्म निर्माण के लिए व्यापक रूप से इस्तेमाल की जाने वाली तकनीक है। इसके परिणामस्वरूप उच्च स्तर की भौतिक हानि हो सकती है। डॉक्टर-ब्लेड तकनीक के परिणामस्वरूप न्यूनतम सामग्री हानि होती है और इसे मुख्य रूप से बड़े क्षेत्र में पतली फिल्म निर्माण के लिए विकसित किया गया था। छोटे अणुओं के निर्वात आधारित तापीय निक्षेपण के लिए गर्म स्रोत से अणुओं के वाष्पीकरण की आवश्यकता होती है। अणुओं को फिर एक सब्सट्रेट पर वैक्यूम के माध्यम से ले जाया जाता है। इन अणुओं को सब्सट्रेट सतह पर संघनित करने की प्रक्रिया के परिणामस्वरूप पतली फिल्म बनती है। गीली कोटिंग तकनीक कुछ मामलों में छोटे अणुओं पर उनकी घुलनशीलता के आधार पर लागू की जा सकती है।

कार्बनिक सौर सेल [ संपादित करें ]

बाइलेयर ऑर्गेनिक फोटोवोल्टिक सेल

कार्बनिक अर्धचालक डायोड प्रकाश को बिजली में परिवर्तित करते हैं। दाईं ओर का चित्र पाँच सामान्य रूप से प्रयुक्त कार्बनिक फोटोवोल्टिक सामग्री दिखाता है। इन कार्बनिक अणुओं में इलेक्ट्रॉनों को संबंधित π* एंटीबॉन्डिंग ऑर्बिटल के साथ एक डेलोकलाइज़्ड π ऑर्बिटल में डेलोकलाइज़ किया जा सकता है । π ऑर्बिटल, या उच्चतम अधिकृत आणविक ऑर्बिटल ( HOMO ), और π* ऑर्बिटल, या सबसे कम खाली आणविक ऑर्बिटल ( LUMO ) के बीच ऊर्जा के अंतर को कार्बनिक फोटोवोल्टिक सामग्रियों का बैंड गैप कहा जाता है। आमतौर पर, बैंड गैप 1-4eV की सीमा में होता है। ^[32]^[33]^[34]

कार्बनिक फोटोवोल्टिक सामग्रियों के बैंड गैप में अंतर विभिन्न रासायनिक संरचनाओं और कार्बनिक सौर कोशिकाओं के रूपों की ओर जाता है । सौर कोशिकाओं के विभिन्न रूपों में सिंगल-लेयर ऑर्गेनिक फोटोवोल्टिक सेल, बाइलेयर ऑर्गेनिक फोटोवोल्टिक सेल और हेटेरोजंक्शन फोटोवोल्टिक सेल शामिल हैं। हालांकि, इन तीनों प्रकार के सौर सेल दो धात्विक संवाहकों के बीच कार्बनिक इलेक्ट्रॉनिक परत को सैंडविच करने के दृष्टिकोण को साझा करते हैं, आमतौर पर इंडियम टिन ऑक्साइड । ^[35]

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "1TopReadys1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 1topreadys1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/1topreadys1/CALML-R3UM9Jt__3xm0vYJ41OqdQaA4J_ce%2BSdBVR2dEgqv9yCw%40mail.gmail.com.

Dieta

Dieta refere-se aos hábitos alimentares individuais. Cada pessoa tem uma dieta específica (saudável ou não). Cada cultura costuma caracterizar-se por dietas particulares. Contudo, em termos gerais, o uso popular desta palavra costuma apenas definir dieta como uma forma de conter o peso e manter sua saúde em boa condição. Para seguir uma dieta, convém consultar um médico ou nutricionista, a fim de conhecer a dieta adequada ao seu organismo. A escolha de alimentos certos na proporção correta, bem como a prática de exercício físico com orientação de um especialista, evitando uma vida sedentária, são considerados fatores essenciais para a manutenção da saúde. Uma "dieta" restritiva e que não tenha em conta as necessidades do organismo poderá ter efeitos desastrosos. Por isso, uma adequada avaliação nutricional individual evita desequilíbrios na dieta que podem levar a problemas de saúde, tais como deficiências nutricionais específicas ou calórico-protéicas e o excesso de peso ou obesidade. Também, ter uma vida saudável não é fazer apenas dieta, é não ter uma vida sedentária. Diversas dietas tornaram-se populares nas últimas décadas, algumas passageiras, outras polêmicas e outras com maior comprovação científica. Exemplo de dietas:

Dieta de Atkins. Restrição radical ao consumo de carboidratos, ou seja massas, doces, açúcares, e até mesmo frutas e verduras.
Dieta de South Beach. Restrição total de carboidratos em seu início, evoluindo com restrição parcial, permitindo carboidratos ricos em fibras.
Dieta do Super Café da Manhã. Dieta com restrição de carboidratos com ênfase calórica na primeira refeição do dia.
Dieta Dash. Dieta desenvolvida para combater a hipertensão arterial por especialistas americanos.

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "2Top-manitotasy-Mirror1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 2top-manitotasy-mirror1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/2top-manitotasy-mirror1/CACHR9V3%2BuL4MrTdTPa9bRVu9PN%2BTV9zAA_N0726bSNea_ys2hQ%40mail.gmail.com.

Undernutrition

UNICEF defines undernutrition "as the outcome of insufficient food intake (hunger) and repeated infectious diseases. Under nutrition includes being underweight for one's age, too short for one's age (stunted), dangerously thin (wasted), and deficient in vitamins and minerals (micronutrient malnutrient).^[2] Under nutrition causes 53% of deaths of children under five across the world.^[2] It has been estimated that undernutrition is the underlying cause for 35% of child deaths.^[97] The Maternal and Child Nutrition Study Group estimate that under nutrition, "including fetal growth restriction, stunting, wasting, deficiencies of vitamin A and zinc along with suboptimum breastfeeding—is a cause of 3.1 million child deaths and infant mortality, or 45% of all child deaths in 2011".^[95]

When humans are undernourished, they no longer maintain normal bodily functions, such as growth, resistance to infection, or have satisfactory performance in school or work.^[2] Major causes of under nutrition in young children include lack of proper breast feeding for infants and illnesses such as diarrhea, pneumonia, malaria, and HIV/AIDS.^[2] According to UNICEF 146 million children across the globe, that one out of four under the age of five, are underweight.^[2] The number of underweight children has decreased since 1990, from 33 percent to 28 percent between 1990 and 2004.^[2] Underweight and stunted children are more susceptible to infection, more likely to fall behind in school, more likely to become overweight and develop non-infectious diseases, and ultimately earn less than their non-stunted coworkers.^[98] Therefore, undernutrition can accumulate deficiencies in health which results in less productive individuals and societies^[2]

Many children are born with the inherent disadvantage of low birth weight, often caused by intrauterine growth restriction and poor maternal nutrition, which results in worse growth, development, and health throughout the course of their lifetime.^[90] Children born at low birthweight (less than 5.5 pounds or 2.5 kg), are less likely to be healthy and are more susceptible to disease and early death.^[2] Those born at low birthweight also are likely to have a depressed immune system, which can increase their chances of heart disease and diabetes later on in life.^[2] Because 96% of low birthweight occurs in the developing world, low birthweight is associated with being born to a mother in poverty with poor nutritional status that has had to perform demanding labor.^[2]

Stunting and other forms of undernutrition reduces a child's chance of survival and hinders their optimal growth and health.^[98] Stunting has demonstrated association with poor brain development, which reduces cognitive ability, academic performance, and eventually earning potential.^[98] Important determinants of stunting include the quality and frequency of infant and child feeding, infectious disease susceptibility, and the mother's nutrition and health status.^[98] Undernourished mothers are more likely to birth stunted children, perpetuating a cycle of undernutrition and poverty.^[98] Stunted children are more likely to develop obesity and chronic diseases upon reaching adulthood.^[98] Therefore, malnutrition resulting in stunting can further worsen the obesity epidemic, especially in low and middle income countries.^[98] This creates even new economic and social challenges for vulnerable impoverished groups.^[98]

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "2Top-manitotasy-Mirror1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 2top-manitotasy-mirror1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/2top-manitotasy-mirror1/CACHR9V2An%3DnHJK0yoGNCJPCvgWUwOApKTgrRtEGA7Ye8GMfOgQ%40mail.gmail.com.

Child malnutrition

According to UNICEF, in 2011, 101 million children across the globe were underweight and one in four children, 165 million, were stunted in growth.^[94] Simultaneously, there are 43 million children under five who are overweight or obese.^[3] Nearly 20 million children under five suffer from severe acute malnutrition, a life-threatening condition requiring urgent treatment.^[3] According to estimations at UNICEF, hunger will be responsible for 5.6 million deaths of children under the age of five this year.^[2] These all represent significant public health emergencies.^[90] This is because proper maternal and child nutrition has immense consequences for survival, acute and chronic disease incidence, normal growth, and economic productivity of individuals.^[95]

Childhood malnutrition is common and contributes to the global burden of disease.^[96] Childhood is a particularly important time to achieve good nutrition status, because poor nutrition has the capability to lock a child in a vicious cycle of disease susceptibility and recurring sickness, which threatens cognitive and social development.^[2] Undernutrition and bias in access to food and health services leaves children less likely to attend or perform well in school.^[2]

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "2Top-manitotasy-Mirror1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 2top-manitotasy-mirror1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/2top-manitotasy-mirror1/CACHR9V1x4E%2BvScUyJ6Ytst3tTv9RRhGW6Z45_HhYWNAKfiq%2BMw%40mail.gmail.com.

Sunday, February 26, 2023

Payment

Online shoppers commonly use a credit card or a PayPal account in order to make payments. However, some systems enable users to create accounts and pay by alternative means, such as:

Billing to mobile phones and landlines^[33]^[34]
Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies
Cash on delivery (C.O.D.)
Cheque/ Check
Debit card
Direct debit in some countries
Electronic money of various types
Gift cards
Invoice, especially popular in some markets/countries, such as Switzerland
Postal money order
Wire transfer/delivery on payment

Some online shops will not accept international credit cards. Some require both the purchaser's billing and shipping address to be in the same country as the online shop's base of operation. Other online shops allow customers from any country to send gifts anywhere. The financial part of a transaction may be processed in real time (e.g. letting the consumer know their credit card was declined before they log off), or may be done later as part of the fulfillment process.

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "2Top-manitotasy-Mirror1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 2top-manitotasy-mirror1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/2top-manitotasy-mirror1/CAF1%3DV8xihuxtRyP4LmZ%2BjAui4xKDVmbUA96SfCXJt-7-ifBvDg%40mail.gmail.com.

Impact of reviews on consumer behavior

One of the great benefits of online shopping is the ability to read product reviews, written either by experts or fellow online shoppers. The Nielsen Company conducted a survey in March 2010 and polled more than 27,000 Internet users in 55 markets from the Asia-Pacific, Europe, Middle East, North America, and South America to look at questions such as "How do consumers shop online?", "What do they intend to buy?", "How do they use various online shopping web pages?", and the impact of social media and other factors that come into play when consumers are trying to decide how to spend their money on which product or service. According to the research,^[29] reviews on electronics (57%) such as DVD players, cellphones, or PlayStations, and so on, reviews on cars (45%), and reviews on software (37%) play an important role in influencing consumers who tend to make purchases online. Furthermore, 40% of online shoppers indicate that they would not even buy electronics without consulting online reviews first.

In addition to online reviews, peer recommendations on online shopping pages or social media websites play a key role^[30] for online shoppers when they are researching future purchases.^[31] 90% of all purchases made are influenced by social media.^[32]

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "2Top-manitotasy-Mirror1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 2top-manitotasy-mirror1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/2top-manitotasy-mirror1/CAF1%3DV8yVEDvRuS%2BiHAtdrQx-3LeVdZigaK4_i9-YES7fWPqObQ%40mail.gmail.com.

जैविक इलेक्ट्रॉनिक उपकरण

ऑर्गेनिक्स-आधारित लचीला प्रदर्शन

कार्बनिक फोटोवोल्टिक सामग्री की पांच संरचनाएं

पारंपरिक सौर-सेल निर्माण की तुलना में कार्बनिक सौर सेल सौर ऊर्जा की लागत में कटौती कर सकते हैं। ^[27] लचीले सबस्ट्रेट्स पर सिलिकॉन पतली-फिल्म सौर कोशिकाएं कई कारणों से बड़े क्षेत्र के फोटोवोल्टिक्स की लागत में महत्वपूर्ण कमी की अनुमति देती हैं: ^[28]

नाजुक और भारी कांच की चादरों पर जमाव की तुलना में तकनीकी प्रयासों के संदर्भ में लचीली चादरों पर तथाकथित ' रोल-टू- रोल'-निक्षेपण बहुत आसान है ।
हल्के लचीले सौर सेल का परिवहन और स्थापना भी कांच पर सेल की तुलना में लागत बचाता है।

पॉलीइथाइलीन टेरेफ्थेलेट (पीईटी) या पॉली कार्बोनेट (पीसी) जैसे सस्ते पॉलीमेरिक सबस्ट्रेट्स में फोटोवोल्टिक में और लागत में कमी की संभावना है। बड़े क्षेत्र के उत्पादन के साथ-साथ छोटे और मोबाइल अनुप्रयोगों के लिए सस्ते और लचीले सबस्ट्रेट्स पर कुशल और कम लागत वाले फोटोवोल्टिक्स के लिए प्रोटोमोर्फस सौर सेल एक आशाजनक अवधारणा साबित होती हैं। ^[28]

मुद्रित इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स का एक फायदा यह है कि विभिन्न विद्युत और इलेक्ट्रॉनिक घटकों को एक दूसरे के ऊपर मुद्रित किया जा सकता है, अंतरिक्ष की बचत होती है और विश्वसनीयता बढ़ती है और कभी-कभी वे सभी पारदर्शी होते हैं। एक स्याही को दूसरे को नुकसान नहीं पहुंचाना चाहिए, और कम तापमान वाली लचीली सामग्री जैसे कागज और प्लास्टिक की फिल्म का उपयोग करने के लिए कम तापमान की एनीलिंग महत्वपूर्ण है। आईटीआई, पिक्सड्रो, असाही कसेई, मर्क एंड कंपनी | मर्क, बीएएसएफ, एचसी स्टार्क, हिताची केमिकल और फ्रंटियर कार्बन कॉर्पोरेशन के नेताओं के बीच यहां बहुत परिष्कृत इंजीनियरिंग और रसायन विज्ञान शामिल है। ^[29] कार्बनिक यौगिकों पर आधारित इलेक्ट्रॉनिक उपकरणों का अब व्यापक रूप से उपयोग किया जाता है, जिसमें कई नए उत्पाद विकास के अधीन हैं। सोनीविशुद्ध रूप से कार्बनिक पदार्थों से बने पहले पूर्ण-रंग, वीडियो-दर, लचीले, प्लास्टिक डिस्प्ले की सूचना दी ; ^[30]^[31] ओएलईडी सामग्री पर आधारित टेलीविजन स्क्रीन; कार्बनिक यौगिक और कम लागत वाले जैविक सौर सेल पर आधारित बायोडिग्रेडेबल इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स भी उपलब्ध हैं।

निर्माण के तरीके

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "1TopReadys1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 1topreadys1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/1topreadys1/CALML-R3AFYE-O5cV_tX0VuJGZieOxjRPRLaRUX10ps5pE6ryog%40mail.gmail.com.

कार्बनिक प्रकाश उत्सर्जक डायोड

एक OLED (ऑर्गेनिक लाइट-एमिटिंग डायोड) में कार्बनिक पदार्थ की एक पतली फिल्म होती है जो विद्युत प्रवाह द्वारा उत्तेजना के तहत प्रकाश का उत्सर्जन करती है। एक विशिष्ट OLED में एक एनोड, एक कैथोड, OLED कार्बनिक पदार्थ और एक प्रवाहकीय परत होती है। ^[23]

Br6A, एक अगली पीढ़ी का शुद्ध जैविक प्रकाश उत्सर्जक क्रिस्टल परिवार

एक बाइलेयर OLED की योजनाबद्ध: 1. कैथोड (-), 2. उत्सर्जक परत, 3. विकिरण का उत्सर्जन, 4. प्रवाहकीय परत, 5. एनोड (+)

OLED कार्बनिक पदार्थों को दो प्रमुख परिवारों में विभाजित किया जा सकता है: छोटे-अणु-आधारित और बहुलक-आधारित। छोटे अणु OLEDs (SM-OLEDs) में ट्रिस (8-हाइड्रॉक्सीक्विनोलिनैटो) एल्यूमीनियम ^[17] फ्लोरोसेंट और फॉस्फोरसेंट डाई, और संयुग्मित डेंड्रिमर्स शामिल हैं। उत्सर्जन तरंग दैर्ध्य की वांछित सीमा के अनुसार फ्लोरोसेंट रंगों का चयन किया जा सकता है ; पेरिलीन और रूब्रीन जैसे यौगिकों का अक्सर उपयोग किया जाता है। छोटे अणुओं पर आधारित उपकरण आमतौर पर वैक्यूम के तहत थर्मल वाष्पीकरण द्वारा निर्मित होते हैं . जबकि यह विधि अच्छी तरह से नियंत्रित सजातीय फिल्म के निर्माण को सक्षम बनाती है ; उच्च लागत और सीमित मापनीयता से बाधित है। ^[24]^[25] पॉलिमर प्रकाश उत्सर्जक डायोड (पीएलईडी) आमतौर पर एसएम-ओएलईडी की तुलना में अधिक कुशल होते हैं। पीएलईडी में उपयोग किए जाने वाले सामान्य पॉलिमर में पॉली (पी-फेनिलीन विनीलीन) ^[26] और पॉलीफ्लोरिन के डेरिवेटिव शामिल हैं । बहुलक की संरचना द्वारा उत्सर्जित रंग । थर्मल वाष्पीकरण की तुलना में, बड़े आयामों वाली फिल्में बनाने के लिए समाधान -आधारित विधियां अधिक अनुकूल हैं ।

कार्बनिक क्षेत्र-प्रभाव ट्रांजिस्टर [ संपादित करें ]

रूब्रीन-ओएफईटी उच्चतम चार्ज गतिशीलता के साथ

एक कार्बनिक क्षेत्र-प्रभाव ट्रांजिस्टर एक सक्रिय अर्धचालक परत के रूप में कार्बनिक अणुओं या पॉलिमर का उपयोग करने वाला एक क्षेत्र-प्रभाव ट्रांजिस्टर है। एक क्षेत्र-प्रभाव ट्रांजिस्टर ( FET ) कोई भी अर्धचालक पदार्थ है जो एक प्रकार के आवेश वाहक के चैनल के आकार को नियंत्रित करने के लिए विद्युत क्षेत्र का उपयोग करता है , जिससे इसकी चालकता बदल जाती है। FET के दो प्रमुख वर्ग n-टाइप और p-टाइप सेमीकंडक्टर हैं, जिन्हें चार्ज प्रकार के अनुसार वर्गीकृत किया गया है। कार्बनिक एफईटी (ओएफईटी) के मामले में, पी-टाइप ओएफईटी यौगिक आम तौर पर एन-टाइप की तुलना में अधिक स्थिर होते हैं, क्योंकि बाद में ऑक्सीडेटिव क्षति की संवेदनशीलता होती है।

ओएलईडी के लिए, कुछ ओएफईटी आणविक हैं और कुछ बहुलक आधारित प्रणाली हैं। रूब्रीन- आधारित ओएफईटी 20-40 सेमी ² /(वी·एस) की उच्च वाहक गतिशीलता दिखाते हैं । एक अन्य लोकप्रिय OFET सामग्री पेंटासीन है । अधिकांश कार्बनिक सॉल्वैंट्स में इसकी कम घुलनशीलता के कारण, पारंपरिक स्पिन-कास्ट या डिप कोटिंग विधियों का उपयोग करके पेंटासीन से पतली फिल्म ट्रांजिस्टर ( टीएफटी ) बनाना मुश्किल है , लेकिन व्युत्पन्न टीआईपीएस-पेंटेसीन का उपयोग करके इस बाधा को दूर किया जा सकता है।

जैविक इलेक्ट्रॉनिक उपकरण

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "1TopReadys1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 1topreadys1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/1topreadys1/CALML-R0cEWNa0%2B2Heq46iJwWYVzau6RDYfE7KUyvmALZ5q1udA%40mail.gmail.com.

Nutrição na fase adulta

A fase adulta é a fase da manutenção, sendo também muito importante ter uma alimentação adequada. Talvez essa seja a fase mais difícil, pois depende dos hábitos alimentares adquiridos, fatores culturais, financeiros, entre outros. Apesar de tudo isso, se deve pesar a importância de uma alimentação saudável tanto para o bom funcionamento orgânico, como prevenção de doenças e melhor saúde quando idoso.

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "2Top-manitotasy-Mirror1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 2top-manitotasy-mirror1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/2top-manitotasy-mirror1/CACHR9V3LhMHR6HUfb_DtEBpGj3aPOqON30ez1BUvBCqyRsd0rw%40mail.gmail.com.

Intestinal microbiome

phytochemicals such as polyphenols were not assessed in this review.^[85]

Colorful fruits and vegetables may be components of a healthy diet.

Intestinal microbiome

The intestines contain a large population of gut flora. In humans, the four dominant phyla are Bacillota, Bacteroidota, Actinomycetota, and Pseudomonadota.^[86] They are essential to digestion and are also affected by food that is consumed. Bacteria are essential for metabolizing food substrates and thereby increasing energy output, and produce a great variety of metabolites, including vitamins and short-chain fatty acids that contribute to the metabolism in a wide variety of ways.^[87] These metabolites are responsible for stimulating cell growth, repressing the growth of harmful bacteria, priming the immune system to respond only to pathogens, helping to maintain a healthy gut barrier, control gene expression by epigenetic regulation^[88] and defending against some infectious diseases.^[89]

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "2Top-manitotasy-Mirror1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 2top-manitotasy-mirror1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/2top-manitotasy-mirror1/CACHR9V3y779eS-Kkbpeuhf5UK5TbbX8KAM0i36%3DT74461ffquw%40mail.gmail.com.

Phytochemicals

Phytochemicals such as polyphenols are compounds produced naturally in plants (phyto means "plant" in Greek). In general, the term identifies compounds that are prevalent in plant foods, but are not proven to be essential for human nutrition, as of 2018. There is no conclusive evidence in humans that polyphenols or other non-nutrient compounds from plants confer health benefits, mainly because these compounds have poor bioavailability, i.e., following ingestion, they are digested into smaller metabolites with unknown functions, then are rapidly eliminated from the body.^[82]^[83]

While initial studies sought to reveal if dietary supplements might promote health, one meta-analysis concluded that supplementation with antioxidant vitamins A and E and beta-carotene did not convey any benefits, and may increase risk of death.^[84] Vitamin C and selenium supplements did not impact mortality rate. Health effect of non-nutrient phytochemicals such as polyphenols were not assessed in this review.^[85]

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "2Top-manitotasy-Mirror1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 2top-manitotasy-mirror1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/2top-manitotasy-mirror1/CACHR9V1cCMj1K79UAmLMRZDiAuGOchOc1-qM9FEVH73j3XY1%2Bg%40mail.gmail.com.

Saturday, February 25, 2023

Buyer decision process

Product selection

Consumers find a product of interest by visiting the website of the retailer directly or by searching among alternative vendors using a shopping search engine. Users can compare and evaluate products using product information on the website, as well on other websites such as websites about product tests.

Once a particular product has been found and selected on the website of the seller, most online retailers use shopping cart software to allow the consumer to accumulate multiple items and to adjust quantities, like filling a physical shopping cart or basket in a conventional store. A "checkout" process follows (continuing the physical-store analogy) in which payment and delivery information is collected, if necessary. Some stores allow consumers to sign up for a permanent online account so that some or all of this information only needs to be entered once. The consumer often receives an e-mail confirmation once the transaction is complete. Less sophisticated stores may rely on consumers to phone or e-mail their orders (although full credit card numbers, expiry date, and Card Security Code,^[28] or bank account and routing number should not be accepted by e-mail, for reasons of security).

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "2Top-manitotasy-Mirror1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 2top-manitotasy-mirror1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/2top-manitotasy-mirror1/CAF1%3DV8xD4SLeZSx%3D0%2B-XTFuX51TLS3WaC1k0X4h1Uv%2B%2B5n2j9g%40mail.gmail.com.

Customer buying behaviour in digital environment

The marketing around the digital environment, customer's buying behaviour may not be influenced and controlled by the brand and firm, when they make a buying decision that might concern the interactions with search engine, recommendations, online reviews and other information. In modern shopping environments, people are more likely to use their mobile phones, computers, tablets and other digital devices to gather information. In an online shopping environment, interactive decision may have an influence on aid customer decision making, through online product reviews and user-generated content, typically provided through software from companies like Bazaarvoice and Trustpilot, or via social media.^[22]^[23] This content, which can include text or video-based reviews, customer photos, and feedback, is often displayed alongside products being sold on websites like Amazon, Target, and most other digital storefronts.

Subsequently, risk and trust would also are two important factors affecting people's' behavior in digital environments. Customers consider to switch between e-channels, because they are mainly influence by the comparison with offline shopping, involving growth of security, financial and performance-risks In other words, a customer shopping online that they may receive more risk than people shopping in stores. There are three factors may influence people to do the buying decision, firstly, people cannot examine whether the product satisfy their needs and wants before they receive it. Secondly, customer may concern at after-sale services. Finally, customer may afraid that they cannot fully understand the language used in e-sales. Based on those factors customer perceive risk may as a significantly reason influence the online purchasing behaviour.^[24]

Online retailers has place much emphasis on customer trust aspect, trust is another way driving customer's behaviour in digital environment, which can depend on customer's attitude and expectation. Indeed, the company's products design or ideas can not met customer's expectations. Customer's purchase intention based on rational expectations, and additionally impacts on emotional trust. Moreover, those expectations can be also establish on the product information and revision from others.^[25]

In several studies, perceived value, shopping style, and brand trust are the main factors that affect online consumers' decisions.^[26] The perceived value means that people can compare the products and prices online, bringing them the perceived value of getting more benefits online than in an offline store.^[27] The comfortable environment that online shopping brings to customers can make consumers get more perceived value.

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "2Top-manitotasy-Mirror1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 2top-manitotasy-mirror1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/2top-manitotasy-mirror1/CAF1%3DV8x89xKH%3D-bPfy0ZphkoAox6P0DyOP%2B%2BTVwGJXWOebEX8g%40mail.gmail.com.